DOCSIS 3.0 uses single-carrier, quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM), 6 MHz- and 8 MHz-wide channels. Using 64 QAM or 256 QAM modulation, data rates of 30 Mbps to nearly 43 Mbps are possible.
Modulation matters as well. DOCSIS 3.1 uses more-efficient orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).
But DOCSIS 3.1 also requires use of a minimum of two OFDM channels, each occupying a spectrum of up to 192 MHz in the downstream.
Two 96 MHz-wide channels are assigned for the upstream.
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