It stands to reason that reducing active network elements in the field (at the edge) should, all other things being equal, reduce capital expense and operating expense. That is the logic behind virtualized networks of all sorts where control planes are separated from data planes.
Basically, the idea is to centralize command, control and processing, while highly distributing data-handling network elements, using less-costly commodity gear wherever possible, since all processing operations are conducted remotely.
In a mobile network radio network, that can mean moving active network element processing chores to a remote location (think of a central office), while in-the-field elements are “dumber” transmission and transport elements.
In one deployment, the remote radio units stay at the edge, but baseband signal processing is centralized.
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