Carrier aggregation--the ability to bond multiple mobile radio channels--is simply a way to create bigger pipes, and hence greater capacity and hence higher speeds on a mobile network. The perhaps-obvious analogy is the ability to use multiple lanes on a highway instead of just one.
It is not a new practice, as 4G networks have been using carrier aggregation as well to boost capacity.
And while it is helpful to aggregate carriers and channels within any specific spectrum band, there is more value when aggregation is possible across bands of spectrum.
Over a period of time, the ability to aggregate channels and carriers across bands might be increasingly important, as low-band spectrum is more limited in terms of capacity than mid-band, and both of those spectrum bands are inferior (in terms of capacity) to millimeter and higher spectrum ranges.
The lower and mid-band ranges will always be better for coverage, but capacity increases will be driven increasingly by use of high-band spectrum.
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